This unit explores the development and current structure of Indigenous Australian political institutions and their legislative underpinnings. Students trace the emergence of early institutions in the 1920s and ‘30s, the 1967 referendum, and the policy shift from assimilation to self-determination. The main focus of the unit is on the interlocking network of Indigenous institutions – from small service-providing organisations, through land councils and local authorities to state and federal organisations. Students completing this unit should have a clear understanding of the complex arrangement of laws and institutions that today comprise the Indigenous Sector.